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Episode 2 15.03.2014
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How does becoming a mother permanently rewire the brain , and could the answer lie not in the genes themselves, but in how experience reshapes their expression? Neuroscientist Danielle Stolzenberg explains how epigenetic mechanisms transform the maternal brain, revealing a molecular bridge between hormones, experience, and lasting behavioral change. Subscribe for more from the Convergent Science Network podcast series. Danielle Stolzenberg joins Paul Verschure and Tony Prescott at the BCBT summer school to discuss her research on the epigenetic basis of maternal behavior in mammals. The conversation centers on a striking biological puzzle: most mammalian females undergo a dramatic shift in responsiveness around the time of birth, and that change persists for life. Stolzenberg investigates how brief experiences with infants, combined with hormonal priming, produce long-lasting changes in gene expression through histone acetylation , a form of cellular memory that alters how neurons in the maternal circuit function without changing the DNA sequence itself. The discussion unpacks how estradiol and oxytocin prepare the brain for motherhood, but experience with pups is what consolidates the behavioral transformation. Stolzenberg presents evidence using histone deacetylase inhibitors to show that enhancing histone acetylation can accelerate maternal learning, reducing the number of pup exposures needed to produce lasting maternal responsiveness. Her work targets the medial preoptic area of the hypothalamus, a region central to maternal care, where she has identified increases in CREB-binding protein following infant interaction. Key topics include the molecular distinction between genetics and epigenetics, how hormones and experience converge on shared chromatin-modifying pathways, the role of CREB-mediated gene transcription in memory consolidation, and why maternal behavior serves as a powerful model for understanding how transient experiences produce permanent changes in brain function. The conversation also addresses whether these epigenetic modifications could be transmitted across generations and what that means for understanding behavioral inheritance. Part of the Convergent Science Network podcast series from the BCBT Summer School.
Tagged as:
Behavioral Brain Epigenetic epigenetics Histone Acetylation Hormones Experience maternal behavior
About the author call_made
Both the triumphs of humanity and its most evil deeds have resulted from collaboration. In a time where humanity is required to aspire to the former and minimize the latter, the question arises of how collaboration arises and why it fails. Surprisingly, this phenomenon, so central to who we are, is not well understood. Hence, a collaborative effort is required to understand collaboration in its full biological, psychological, sociological, cultural, and economic complexity and to translate this understanding into operational impact. This series of podcasts is one step toward achieving these complementary goals. The Collaboration Podcast presents interviews with people who are central orchestrators of collaboration in various domains including business, government, science, art, health, sustainability, and the military. The discussions were conducted by Prof. Dr. Paul F.M.J. Verschure and members of the Program Advisory Committee of the Ernst Strungmann Forum on Collaboration (https://www.esforum.de/forums/ESF32_Collaboration.html) during 2021 and had the goal to sketch a map of opportunities, challenges, and obstacles in human collaboration. The forum took place in May 2022, and now we would like to share this series of interviews with a broader audience. The full report of the Forum will be published in 2023 by MIT Press. The podcast was produced by the Convergent Science Network (https://www.convergentsciencenetwork.org/). Context: The stability of social systems depends critically on realizing sustainable methods of “collaboration,” yet how and by which means collaboration is achieved is not clearly understood; neither are the conditions or processes that lead to its breakdown or failure. Collaboration can be understood as cooperation between agents toward mutually constructed goals. Part of the reason for our lack of understanding is that the phenomenon of collaboration is, by nature, a highly multidisciplinary problem, and effective research into its complexities has been difficult to achieve across the broad range of scientific and technical disciplines involved. The need for a fundamental understanding of collaboration, however, has become increasingly important. Not only does humankind demand answers as it attempts to address critical challenges at multiple scales (e.g., climate change, migration, enhanced automation, social and economic inequality), but ever-increasing technological and economic means of interconnecting people and societies are disrupting long-established, familiar patterns of how we interact. Radical technological changes that are ongoing have the potential to reshape collaboration in ways that are currently hard to predict or influence (e.g., by altering configurations in interaction, information creation, and modes of communication). On one hand, such changes could disrupt hitherto stable forms of collaboration by affecting critical communication channels and traditional roles, as can be observed in the rapidly changing patterns in governance, commerce, and social interaction. Conversely, technology could lead to the emergence of novel, successful forms of collaboration that deviate from traditional “hierarchical” architectures. Evidence of this can be seen in areas as diverse as highly automated manufacturing plants, the open science movement, collaborative software repositories, user-centered services, and the sharing of economy-based modes of organization. Without a fundamental understanding of the mechanisms, processes, and boundary conditions of collaboration, it is not possible to evaluate or predict which of these possible scenarios are sustainable or even plausible. The Forum “How Collaboration Arises and Why it Fails” (May 8–13, 2022, Location: Frankfurt am Main, Germany) Chairs: Andreas Roepstorff and Paul Verschure Program Advisory Committee: Jenna Bednar, Julia R. Lupp, Bhavani R. Rao , Andreas Roepstorff, Ferdinand von Siemens, and Paul Verschure
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